Mussolini And Fascism Essay -- essays research papers

Fascism is the philosophy that exercises a dictatorship through the use of violence. There are two main areas fascism deals with. An elitist approach that makes the peoples' will on a select group with a supreme leader who governs all. The other approach is the populist approach in which the government wishes to have all its people act out against the government's oppressors. (Baradat) Fascism came from the word fasces, a bundle of sticks that were bound to an ax, which was supposed to represent "civic unity and the authority of the Roman officials to punish wrongdoers," (www.funkandwagnall.com) There were three main philosophers who helped to shape the fascist theory, George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzesche, and George Hegal. Sorel had the notion that societies became "decadent and disorganized" naturally. This leading to the use of violence to prevent a decay of nation of this kind. Nietzsche had the theory that two moral codes made up the community. Then there was the ruling class, who created the great empires of the past. Then there was the oppressed class that contributed to the community by bringing in religious ideas and views. This class was also known as the slave morality. Nietzsche also came up with the idea of the perfect man, "overman," who symbolized man at his peak in creativity and his highest intellectual range. The last influential philosopher was George Hegal and agreed with Sorel that war was a necessary thing that brought about unity to the state, while peace only gave way to a weak society. Fascist thinking lives on the idea that the group is working for the benefit of the community. It wishes to organize the government in an attempt to gain power in the state. All the people of the state work for the state's gain and nothing more. The state also in turn should be there for the people if the need arises for things such as food, money, and shelter. (Baradat) Fascism emphasizes nationalism. (www.funkwagnalls.com) "For Fascism, the growth of the empire is an essential manifestation of vitality." It is a governing system best suited for communities who are rising after many years of foreign servitude. (www.fordham.edu) Military conquest was seen as a way to solve the nation's economic problems. The Fascist male was thought to be a Darwinian and not humanitarian. He should ... ...entually returned to his earlier ideas of socialism and collectivization. However, he also executed some of his former Fascist followers who had turned on him, this included his son-in-law, Galeazzo Ciano. Upon trying to escape to Switzerland with his mistress Clara, Mussolini was captured by Italian partisans and executed. Baradat, Leon. Politcal Ideologies. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1994. Funk and Wagnalls Multimedia Encyclopedia: Fascism. http://funkandwagnalls.com/encycopedia/getpage.asp?book=FWENCO†¦/008000150.as Modern History Sourcebook: Benito Mussolini: What is Fascism, 1932. http://www.fordham.edu/halsll/mod/mussolini-fascism.html World War II Commemoration: Benito Mussolini. http://gi.grolier/wwii_mussolini.html

Research Methodology – Summary

Descriptive studies help discover new meaning, describe what currently exists, and categorize the information. We will use desk research as well as field research; we will use both kinds of research because this way we will have the most appropriate Information. Desk research will include telephone Interviewing, online research etc. On the other hand we have field research, this will give us an edge because we'll be out in the field and have interaction with potential customers, immediate feedback etc. Experiments: We can experiment to see if a certain amount of people will actually enjoy and have good views towards Wipers.Research strategies: * Telephone Interviewing. * Questioning at shops Like Blocker and Supermarkets. * Questionnaires. Personal Interviewing. Purpose of the research: * Finding out the competitors. * Finding out if there is a place for us in market. * Finding out how marketable our product is. * Finding out what potential customers think of our product. Population and Sample: We have concluded that the Ranted regions will be the first regions for our questionnaires to find place at. Because of these regions populations It Is the most appropriate way to have Interaction with many potential customers..Because of the population it is obvious that it is not feasible to give unlimited samples, therefore a feedback to us and so we will process this data as well. As it is obvious that we want to have the most efficient information out of this selected group there will be some exclusion and inclusion criteria requirements. Include: * Stay at home ; working women or men * Age group of 18-50 * Minimum of 50 and maximum of 80 participants Exclude: * Kids Individuals who never clean their houses themselves ( help in the house ) We will have a letter of invitation for it to be send to our potential participants.Within this letter of invitation we will explain the reason of the research, discussion on confidentiality and what the participation will entail. With this letter of invitation will be agreement form, which must be read, signed and returned by participants in order to take part in the research. The time period will be two weeks. Participants will experience using the product and have their feedback on a written document as well as face to face interviews ( this tit only a again selected group ) Our analyzers will have a week time to process the gained data in the research.Data collection methods and procedures: As previously stated we intend to carry out a qualitative research design, In order to do so it requires us to have one on one interviews with the interviewees. This allows the interviewees to discuss their opinions and experiences. Having said that, there are also different kinds of interview styles. There is the semi-structured interview which has a prepared topic guide or certain amount of questions to be covered with each participant.How long the interviews will last depends on the kind of interview which will tak e place and on the participants' responses which will lead the direction and length of the interview. Participants will be ensured of their anonymity as well. Data analysis: The purpose of data analysis is to organize and provide structure to the research data. Qualitative data analysis occurs in three phases: description, analysis and interpretation. We will transcribe the interviews and carry out analyzing of the transcripts.Furthermore we will go on and complete a reduction in data through categorizing ND identifying similar information of the data we have gathered throughout the data and compare variables. Validity and Reliability: Validity is understood best by the question: ‘Are we measuring what we think we are measuring? And reliability is the degree to which a test consistently measures whatever it measures. So to test the validity and reliability we will perform a pilot study which is a brief and limited version of the planned research and which will help us identify any weaknesses in the plan and allow time to rectify any necessary amendments.A pilot study will allow us to make any adjustments before the main event takes place. Ethical consideration: All research studies present a number of ethical and moral concerns which must be identified and addressed prior to carrying out any research study in order to protect all participants from potential harm. Therefore we have asked our participants to sign a consent form ensuring them of the confidentiality and informing them about the nature of the research. However, we don't expect any ethical dilemmas to occur because of the nature of our research.

Crystal Meth/Methamphetamine Information

There are several different types of amphetamines, which are stimulants. Crystal methamphetamine or simply crystal meth is an illegal form of the drug. Heres what you need to know. What Is Crystal Meth? The chemical n-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-amine is called methamphetamine, methylamphetamine, or desoxyephedrine. The shortened name is simply meth. When it is in its crystalline form, the drug is called crystal meth, ice, Tina, or glass. See the table below for other street names of the drug. Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant. How Is Crystal Meth Used? Usually, crystal meth is smoked in glass pipes, similar to how crack cocaine is used. It may be injected (either dry or dissolved in water), snorted, swallowed, or inserted into the anus or urethra. Why Is Crystal Meth Used? Females often take crystal meth because it can cause extremely rapid weight loss. However, the effects are short term. The body builds up a tolerance to the drug so weight loss tapers off and stops around six weeks after taking the drug. Also, the weight that is lost is regained once a person stops taking methamphetamine. For these reasons, combined with how addictive the drug is, methamphetamine tends not to be prescribed by doctors for weight loss. Some people take meth because of the long-lasting high that it gives. Methamphetamine causes numerous neurotransmitters to be released in the brain, producing a sense of euphoria that may last as long as 12 hours, depending on how the drug was taken. Methamphetamine is popular as a stimulant. As a stimulant, methamphetamine improves concentration, energy, and alertness while decreasing appetite and fatigue. Methamphetamines are also taken by people who are feeling depressed. They may be taken for their side effect of increasing libido and sexual pleasure. What Are the Effects of Methamphetamine Use? This is a list of effects associated with pure methamphetamine use. Because of how its made, crystal meth is never pure, so the dangers associated with taking the street drug extend beyond these effects. Common Immediate Effects EuphoriaIncreased energy and alertnessDiarrhea and nauseaExcessive sweatingLoss of appetite, insomnia, tremors, jaw-clenchingAgitation, irritability, talkativeness, panic, compulsive fascination with repetitive tasks, violence, confusionIncreased libidoIncreased blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, blood sugar levels, bronchodilationConstriction of the walls of the arteriesIn pregnant and nursing women, methamphetamine crosses the placenta and is secreted in breast milk Effects Associated With Chronic Use Tolerance (needing more of the drug to get the same effect)Drug cravingTemporary weight lossWithdrawal symptoms including depression and anhedoniaMeth Mouth where teeth rapidly decay and fall outDrug-related psychosis (may last for months or years after drug use is discontinued) Effects of Overdose Brain damageSensation of flesh crawling (formication)Paranoia, hallucinations, delusions, tension headacheMuscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis) which can lead to kidney damage or failureDeath due to stroke, cardiac arrest or elevated body temperature (hyperthermia) Physical and Chemical Properties of Crystal Meth Crystal meth may be distinguished from other drugs and compounds by its properties. The compound forms two enantiomers (compounds which are mirror images of each other), dextromethamphetamine and levomethamphetamine.Methamphetamine hydrochloride salt is a white crystal or crystalline powder at room temperature that is bitter-tasting and odorless, with a melting point  between 170 to 175  Ã‚ °C (338 to 347  Ã‚ °F). It readily dissolves in water and ethanol.The free base of methamphetamine is a clear liquid that smells like geranium leaves. It dissolves in ethanol or diethyl ether and mixes with chloroform.Although crystal meth is a persistent pollutant in soils, it is degraded by bleach or within 30 days in wastewater that is exposed to light. Where Does Crystal Meth Come From? Methamphetamine is available with a prescription for obesity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and narcolepsy, but crystal meth is a street drug, made in illegal labs by chemically altering over-the-counter drugs. Making crystal meth usually involves reducing ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, found in cold and allergy medicine. In the US, a typical meth lab employs something called the Red, White, and Blue Process, which entails hydrogenation of the hydroxyl group on the ephedrine or pseudoephedrine molecule. The red is red phosphorus, white is the ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, and blue is iodine, used to make hydroiodic acid. Making crystal meth is dangerous to the people making it and dangerous to the neighborhood where its being made. White phosphorus with sodium hydroxide can produce poisonous phosphine gas, usually as a result of overheating red phosphorus, plus white phosphorus can auto ignite and blow up the meth lab. In addition to phosphine and phosphorus, various hazar dous vapors may be associated with a meth lab, such as chloroform, ether, acetone, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, methylamine, iodine, hydroiodic acid, lithium or sodium, mercury, and hydrogen gas. Street Names for Crystal Meth Crystal meth goes by a number of names: BatuBikers CoffeeBlack BeautiesBladeChalkChicken FeedCrankCristyCrystalCrystal GlassCrystal MethGlassGo-FastHanyakHiroponHot IceIceKaksonjaeL.A. GlassL.A. IceMethMethlies QuickPoor Mans CocaineQuartzShabuShardsSpeedStove TopSuper IceTinaTrashTweakUppersVentanaVidrioYabaYellow Bam